Microbial Ecology of Qatar, the Arabian Gulf: Possible Roles of Microorganisms

The Arabian Gulf ranks among the world’s most arid and warm regions; land has high salinity levels with many Sabkhas receives little precipitation. This region holds about one-third of oil supply. Qatar is leading gas producer worldwide, which raises concerns pollution sea, groundwater, soil. Thus, area paid particular attention to environmental studies since status this imposed unique biological diversity, microbial ecology gained special importance following identification promising roles microorganisms. review article discusses at main habitats State Qatar. We discuss important principles for successful ecological restoration future perspectives using approaches solve problems related health, economy, agriculture. There are least five communities that have been recognized Qatari habitats: marine environment, salt marshes mangrove forests, lands (including dune communities), wetlands pond Rawdahs Ghaf tree communities). Although, conditions almost same, these compared those other countries whenever necessary, as each habitat its own peculiar characteristics. Some case presented describe biochemical characterizations bacterial isolates from soils leaf surface native plants, including halophytes xerophytes habitats. These rarely went beyond general species levels. a discussion possible microorganisms rhizosphere, non-rhizosphere, phyllosphere, plant exudates control activity. However, modern approach (culture-independent methods) addressing topics opened door deeper investigations, explore played by methods already begun during last decade serious step issues. In future, it very likely will be used tackle issues, well agricultural, economic problems.